模具加工的基本特點有哪些

大連模具加工精度(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)高(gao),一(yi)副模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)一(yi)般是(shi)由(you)凹模(mo)(mo)(mo)、凸(tu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)和模(mo)(mo)(mo)架組成(cheng)，有(you)(you)些還可能是(shi)多(duo)件拼合(he)模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊。于是(shi)上、下模(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)組合(he)，鑲(xiang)塊與型(xing)腔的(de)(de)(de)(de)組合(he)，模(mo)(mo)(mo)塊之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)拼合(he)均(jun)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)有(you)(you)很(hen)(hen)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)精度(du)(du)。精密(mi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸精度(du)(du)往(wang)(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)(wang)達(da)μm級。形面(mian)(mian)復(fu)雜(za),有(you)(you)些產品如(ru)汽車(che)覆蓋件、飛機零件、玩具(ju)、家用電器，其(qi)形狀的(de)(de)(de)(de)表面(mian)(mian)是(shi)由(you)多(duo)種曲面(mian)(mian)組合(he)而成(cheng)，因此，模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)型(xing)腔面(mian)(mian)就很(hen)(hen)復(fu)雜(za)。有(you)(you)些曲面(mian)(mian)必須(xu)用數學計算方(fang)法進行處(chu)(chu)理(li)。批(pi)量小,模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產不(bu)是(shi)大(da)批(pi)量成(cheng)批(pi)生(sheng)(sheng)產，在很(hen)(hen)多(duo)情(qing)況(kuang)下往(wang)(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)(wang)只(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)產一(yi)付。工(gong)(gong)(gong)序多(duo),模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)總要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)用到銑、鏜、鉆、鉸和攻螺紋(wen)等(deng)多(duo)種工(gong)(gong)(gong)序。重復(fu)性(xing)投產,模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用是(shi)有(you)(you)壽(shou)命的(de)(de)(de)(de)。當一(yi)付模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用超過其(qi)壽(shou)命時，就要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)更換(huan)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)，所以(yi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產往(wang)(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)重復(fu)性(xing)。仿(fang)形加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong),模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)生(sheng)(sheng)產中(zhong)有(you)(you)時既沒有(you)(you)圖樣(yang)，也沒有(you)(you)數據，而且(qie)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)根據實物進行仿(fang)形加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。這就要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)仿(fang)制(zhi)精度(du)(du)高(gao)，不(bu)變形。模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)材料優(you)異，硬度(du)(du)高(gao),模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)材料多(duo)采用優(you)質(zhi)合(he)金鋼(gang)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)，特(te)別是(shi)高(gao)壽(shou)命的(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)，常采用Crl2，CrWMn等(deng)萊氏體鋼(gang)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)。這類鋼(gang)材從毛(mao)坯鍛造(zao)(zao)、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)到熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)均(jun)有(you)(you)嚴格要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。因此加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)編制(zhi)就更加(jia)不(bu)容(rong)忽視，熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)變形也是(shi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)需認真對待的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。根據上述諸多(duo)特(te)點，在選(xuan)用機床(chuang)上要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)盡可能滿足加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。如(ru)數控系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)強，機床(chuang)精度(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)高(gao)，剛性(xing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)好(hao)，熱穩定性(xing)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)好(hao)，具(ju)有(you)(you)仿(fang)形功能等(deng)。