模具加工是(shi)指(zhi)成(cheng)型和(he)(he)制坯工具(ju)的(de)加工,此外還包括剪切模(mo)和(he)(he)模(mo)切模(mo)具(ju)。通常情(qing)況下(xia)(xia),模(mo)具(ju)有上模(mo)和(he)(he)下(xia)(xia)模(mo)兩部分組成(cheng)。將鋼板放置在上下(xia)(xia)模(mo)之間,在壓(ya)力(li)機的(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)(xia)實現材料的(de)成(cheng)型,當壓(ya)力(li)機打開(kai)時(shi),就會獲得由(you)模(mo)具(ju)形狀所確(que)定的(de)工件或(huo)去(qu)除相(xiang)應的(de)廢料。
先進的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)技術與裝備是提高生產(chan)率(lv)和保證產(chan)品質(zhi)量的重要(yao)基礎。在(zai)先進的汽(qi)車模具企業中配有雙工(gong)(gong)作臺的數(shu)控(kong)機(ji)床、自動換(huan)刀(dao)裝置(ATC)、自動加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的光電控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統、工(gong)(gong)件(jian)在(zai)線測量系(xi)(xi)統等已不鮮(xian)見。數(shu)控(kong)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)已由單純(chun)的型面加(jia)工(gong)(gong)發展(zhan)到(dao)型面和結構(gou)面的全面加(jia)工(gong)(gong),由中低速加(jia)工(gong)(gong)發展(zhan)到(dao)高速加(jia)工(gong)(gong),加(jia)工(gong)(gong)自動化技術發展(zhan)十(shi)分迅速。
目前,已在大連模具加工生產(chan)(chan)中已經應用的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)自動化方(fang)式(shi)大體上可(ke)分(fen)為三種,即由多(duo)臺可(ke)互(hu)換工(gong)(gong)作臺數(shu)控機(ji)床組(zu)成的生產(chan)(chan)線(xian)、柔性加(jia)工(gong)(gong)生產(chan)(chan)線(xian)和一體化加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中心。第一種生產(chan)(chan)線(xian)包(bao)括了底(di)面加(jia)工(gong)(gong)、粗銑、精(jing)銑等(deng)多(duo)臺機(ji)床,工(gong)(gong)件換機(ji)床時(shi)不必重新(xin)裝(zhuang)卡找正。
由(you)于(yu)機(ji)床為多工(gong)(gong)作臺式,工(gong)(gong)件不需要重(zhong)新(xin)裝卡,因而(er)(er)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)效率(lv)很高(gao)。選擇合(he)適的銑(xian)削(xue)刀具,在(zai)面銑(xian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中采用滾動切(qie)入(ru)法,以(yi)及(ji)在(zai)條件適合(he)時用銑(xian)刀進行(xing)孔加(jia)工(gong)(gong),制造(zao)商(shang)可(ke)以(yi)在(zai)無需投資購(gou)買新(xin)設備(bei)的情況下(xia),大(da)幅(fu)提(ti)高(gao)生產能力,提(ti)高(gao)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)效率(lv)而(er)(er)節省(sheng)大(da)量時間(jian)和(he)成本。